Cell factory is a common consumable in large scale cell culture, which is mainly used for adherent cell culture.  Cell growth needs all kinds of nutrients, so what are they?
1. Culture medium  
The cell culture medium provides the cells in the cell factory with the nutrients needed for growth, including carbohydrates, amino acids, inorganic salts, vitamins, etc.  There are a variety of synthetic media available for the nutritional needs of different cells, such as EBSS, Eagle, MEM, RPMll640, DMEM, etc.

2. Other added ingredients  
In addition to the basic nutrients provided by various synthetic media, other components, such as serum and factors, need to be added according to different cells and different culture purposes.
Serum provides essential substances such as extracellular matrix, growth factors and transferrin, and fetal bovine serum is commonly used.  The proportion of serum to be added depends on the cell and the purpose of the study.  10% ~ 20% serum can maintain the rapid growth and proliferation of cells, known as the growth medium;  In order to maintain the slow growth or immortality of cells, 2% ~ 5% serum can be added, called maintenance culture.
Glutamine is an important nitrogen source for cell growth and plays an important role in the process of cell growth and metabolism. However, because glutamine is very unstable and easy to degrade in the solution, it can decompose about 50% after 7 days at 4℃, so glutamine needs to be added before use.
Generally speaking, various media and serum are used in cell culture, but in order to prevent cell contamination during culture, a certain amount of antibiotics, such as penicillin, streptomycin, gentamicin, etc., are also added to the media.